Herding group

Spanish Water Dog

A curly Spanish all-rounder — herder, retriever and devoted companion.

Spanish Water Dogs are medium-sized, curly-coated working dogs used for herding, fishing and hunting. They are loyal, intelligent and energetic, but reserved with strangers and in need of activity.

Height
15.75–19.75 in40–50 cm
Weight
31–49 lb14–22 kg
Life expectancy
12–14 years
Size
Medium
Group
Herding
Origin
Andalusia, Spain

Coat: Woolly, curly coat that forms cords if left long. Colours: Black, Brown, Beige, White, Particolour.

At a glance

Exercise Requirement4.5 / 5
20-30 min gentle walk2+ hours intense stamina
Indoor "Off-Switch"2.5 / 5
Restless / constantly searching for actionInstantly curls up and relaxes indoors
Trainability4.0 / 5
Strong independent thinkerEager biddable student
Mental Stimulation4.5 / 5
Content with routineNeeds a job or creates mischief
Affection Level4.0 / 5
Polite distanceConstant lap snuggler
Stranger Friendliness2.0 / 5
Naturally aloof / watchfulGreets every stranger as best friend
Child Patience & Safety3.5 / 5
Prefers quiet adultsRemarkably sturdy & patient
Other Dog Friendliness3.5 / 5
Strong solo-dog preferenceLoves pack play and multi-dog homes
Prey Drive3.5 / 5
Ignores crittersHigh pursuit instinct / fence chaser
Vocalization & Barking3.0 / 5
Nearly mute / quietWatchful alarm barker or howler
Shedding Level1.5 / 5
Minimal to non-sheddingHeavy year-round fur shedding
Grooming Burden3.0 / 5
Wash & wear coatDaily brushing + salon visits
Drool Tendency1.0 / 5
Dry-mouthedRequires dedicated slobber towels
Apartment Suitability2.5 / 5
Needs acreage or private runThrives in urban elevator apartments
Beginner Friendliness2.5 / 5
Demands experienced handlerIdeal forgiving companion for first-timers
Owner Demand Level3.5 / 5
Very forgiving for novicesRequires skilled firm handling

Ratings describe typical dogs of the breed on a 1–5 scale. Individual dogs vary with lines, upbringing and training.

Temperament

SWDs are devoted, hard-working and affectionate with their families. They are quick learners and versatile athletes.

They are often wary of strangers and protective. Without enough exercise and mental work, they can become anxious or destructive.

Living with a Spanish Water Dog

Exercise

Needs 90 minutes or more of vigorous daily exercise; they love swimming and herding.

Grooming

Never brush the coat — it is clipped every few months. Rinse after swimming.

Training

Very trainable and eager; consistent, reward-based training and socialisation are key.

Kids & other pets

Loyal with their family; better with older children. Wary of strangers.

Time alone

Needs company and activity; boredom leads to anxiety or destruction.

Home fit

Best suited to a house with secure outdoor space; apartment living is hard on this breed and its neighbours.

Is a Spanish Water Dog right for you?

Take the Breed Fit quiz to see how a Spanish Water Dog matches your home, schedule and tolerance for shedding, barking and exercise — or find out which breed matches your personality with Dogsona.

Health

With good breeding and care, a Spanish Water Dog typically lives 12–14 years. These are the conditions most associated with the breed — not a prediction for any individual dog.

  • Hip dysplasia

    Screened parents reduce the risk of joint disease.

  • Progressive retinal atrophy

    Inherited vision loss detectable by the prcd-PRA DNA test.

  • Hypothyroidism

    An underactive thyroid; managed with daily medication.

  • Neuroaxonal dystrophy

    A fatal inherited neurological disease; a DNA test is available.

Ask a breeder for

  • Hip evaluation
  • Eye examination
  • Thyroid evaluation
  • DNA tests: prcd-PRA and neuroaxonal dystrophy

Sources: OFA CHIC breed requirements: Spanish Water Dog; Spanish Water Dog Club of America. This is general information, not veterinary advice — talk to your vet about your own dog.

Cost to own

After the first year, expect roughly $1,200–$2,500 a year for food, routine vet care, preventives, insurance and supplies (US estimate).

  • Pet insurance for a puppy typically runs $30–$60 a month; premiums rise with age and breed risk.
See the full first-year cost breakdown →

History

Spanish Water Dogs have worked in Andalusia for centuries, herding sheep and goats, retrieving for hunters and helping fishermen. Their woolly coat protected them in water and brush.

Spanish enthusiasts formalised the breed in the 1970s and 80s. The AKC recognised the Spanish Water Dog in 2015.

Did you know?

  • Spanish Water Dogs should never be brushed — their coat is clipped once or twice a year.
  • They herded goats and helped fishermen in the same working life.
  • In Spain the breed is called the Perro de Agua Español.

Library guides for Spanish Water Dog owners

Similar breeds

Frequently asked questions

Do Spanish Water Dogs shed?
Very little.
Are Spanish Water Dogs good family dogs?
Yes, for active, experienced families.
SWD vs Portuguese Water Dog?
Both are curly water dogs; SWDs are herders as well as water dogs and tend to be more reserved with strangers.